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Total Protein (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood serum, which includes albumin and other proteins like globulins.

Quick summary

["Total protein helps assess overall protein balance and potential liver or kidney issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
27128-8
Short code
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Synonyms
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Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Is Protein in Blood?

Blood proteins are essential for many bodily functions, including maintaining fluid balance, transporting nutrients, and supporting immune responses. Albumin, the most abundant protein, helps keep fluids in blood vessels, while globulins assist with immune defense and clotting. Abnormal levels may signal conditions like liver disease, kidney problems, or malnutrition.

Why Might This Test Be Ordered?

Your healthcare provider may check total protein levels if you have symptoms like swelling (edema), unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or signs of liver/kidney disease. It’s also used in screening for conditions like multiple myeloma or chronic infections.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn from your arm. The serum (liquid part after clotting) is then analyzed to measure protein concentration using standard laboratory techniques.

What Are Common Results?

Results are typically reported in grams per deciliter (g/dL). Low levels may indicate liver disease, malnutrition, or kidney problems, while very high levels could suggest conditions like multiple myeloma or severe dehydration.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Protein

Frequently asked questions

What causes low total protein levels?
Low total protein can result from liver disease (reducing albumin production), kidney failure (losing proteins in urine), malnutrition (not enough protein intake), or chronic infections. It may also appear in conditions like cirrhosis or severe burns.
What causes high total protein levels?
High total protein is less common but may occur with multiple myeloma (abnormal protein production), severe dehydration (concentrated blood), or in some inflammatory or infectious diseases. Rarely, it can be due to lab errors or certain medications.
How often should I get this test?
Your provider will determine frequency based on your symptoms, medical history, or ongoing conditions. Regular monitoring may be needed if you have chronic liver/kidney disease or other risk factors.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy