Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order a serum protein electrophoresis to check for unusual patterns in protein levels. This can help diagnose diseases such as multiple myeloma, where abnormal proteins (like monoclonal gammopathy) build up, or conditions affecting liver or kidney function that alter protein synthesis or breakdown.

What to Expect During the Test

You’ll have a small needle inserted into a vein (usually in your arm) to draw blood. The sample is then sent to a lab where proteins are separated by size and charge using an electric field. Results are qualitative, meaning they describe relative amounts rather than exact measurements.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, or other plasma cell dyscrasias. It may also help assess liver disease, kidney disease, or inflammatory conditions where protein patterns can change.

Preparation and Restrictions

No special preparation is needed, but avoid heavy meals or excessive alcohol before the test. If you’re on blood thinners or have a history of bleeding disorders, let your provider know before the procedure.