Bilirubin, Total (Serum)

What Bilirubin Does in Your Body

Bilirubin is created when old red blood cells are recycled in your liver. Normally, your liver removes it from your blood and turns it into a waste product that’s excreted in bile (the fluid that helps digest fats). If your liver isn’t working well, bilirubin can build up in your blood, leading to yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice).

Why It’s Tested

Doctors may order this test to check for liver diseases (like hepatitis or cirrhosis), blockages in the bile ducts, or problems with red blood cell breakdown. It can also help diagnose conditions like hemolytic anemia or gallstones. Sometimes, it’s done as part of a routine check if you have symptoms like fatigue, dark urine, or pale stools.

What to Expect Before the Test

You won’t need special preparation unless your doctor specifies. A blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm, usually at a lab or your doctor’s office. It only takes a few minutes, and you may feel a slight pinch. No fasting is required unless directed otherwise.

What the Results Mean

Higher-than-normal levels may mean your liver isn’t working well, or there’s a blockage in your bile ducts. Lower-than-normal levels are less common but could indicate certain blood disorders. Your doctor will discuss your results with you and may recommend follow-up tests if needed.