Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the distribution of different protein fractions in your blood serum, helping identify abnormalities in protein composition that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or chronic inflammation.
["This test helps doctors diagnose and monitor protein-related disorders by showing how proteins separate in your blood."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 22560-7
- Short code
- Deprecated S pneum9 Ab 1:2 Ser-Rto
- Synonyms
- Deprecated S pneum9 Ab 1:2 Ser-Rto
- Category
- coagulation
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 200
- Ref high
- 900
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Serum protein electrophoresis separates proteins into five main bands: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins (including immunoglobulins). Each band reflects the concentration and type of proteins present, which can indicate underlying health issues.
Why It’s Done
Your doctor may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or abnormal lab results. It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, autoimmune diseases, or liver/kidney disorders.
Sample Preparation
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The serum (liquid part after clotting) is then analyzed in a lab using electrophoresis to separate proteins.
Common Conditions Monitored
Abnormal patterns (e.g., spikes in gamma globulins) may suggest conditions like monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or chronic infections.
Reference range
NCBI: Vitamin B12 200-900 pg/mLN/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
This test is critical for diagnosing and managing conditions affecting protein synthesis or breakdown. For example, elevated gamma globulins may point to immune system disorders, while abnormal albumin levels could indicate liver or kidney disease. Early detection helps guide treatment decisions.
Short name
Qualitative Serum Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What does a ‘qualitative’ result mean?
How long does it take to get results?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy