Skip to content

Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["This test helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
27145-2
Short code
Deprecated S pneum9 Ab sp1 Ser-mCnc
Synonyms
Deprecated S pneum9 Ab sp1 Ser-mCnc
Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates proteins into bands based on their electrical charge and molecular weight. Each band corresponds to a group of proteins (e.g., albumin, globulins, alpha, beta, gamma fractions). This qualitative test does not provide exact quantities but helps detect unusual patterns.

Why It’s Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or signs of conditions affecting protein production (e.g., infections, cancers, or kidney/liver diseases).

Sample Collection

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum (liquid part after clotting) is then analyzed in a lab.

Preparation Tips

No special preparation is needed, but inform your provider about medications or recent illnesses that could affect results.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions such as monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or inflammatory diseases. For example, a spike in one protein band could signal a plasma cell disorder, while low albumin may suggest malnutrition or kidney problems.

Short name

Qualitative Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal protein patterns?
Abnormal results can stem from conditions like multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal proteins), liver disease (altered albumin/globulin ratios), or chronic infections. Rarely, genetic disorders or certain medications may also affect protein levels.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Follow-up with your provider to discuss findings.
Can I fast before this test?
No fasting is required, but avoid alcohol or certain medications (e.g., steroids) that may influence protein levels, as advised by your provider.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy