Serum or plasma protein mass concentration (e.g., total protein)

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order a total protein test to check for conditions affecting protein production, such as liver disease, kidney problems, or malnutrition. It can also help diagnose conditions like nephrotic syndrome (where protein leaks into urine) or certain infections.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but avoid eating or drinking for at least 8–12 hours before the test if it’s drawn from fasting blood. If you’re on blood thinners or have a history of bleeding disorders, let your provider know.

How the Test Is Performed

A blood sample is taken from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab to measure protein concentration using standard laboratory techniques, such as turbidimetry or nephelometry.

What the Results Mean

High protein levels might suggest dehydration, multiple myeloma (a blood cancer), or conditions that cause excessive protein production. Low levels could indicate liver disease, kidney problems, or severe malnutrition. Your results will be compared to your healthcare provider’s expectations based on your health history.