Bromocresol Green Protein Electrophoresis (BCG Protein Electrophoresis)

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins based on size and charge. Bromocresol green dye binds to specific proteins, allowing for visual differentiation of albumin (the most abundant protein) and globulins (including immunoglobulins). Abnormal patterns may suggest conditions like nephrotic syndrome, multiple myeloma, or chronic liver disease.

Common Conditions Evaluated

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions where protein balance is disrupted. For example, it may help identify kidney diseases (such as nephrotic syndrome) where large amounts of protein leak into urine, or liver diseases where protein synthesis is impaired.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The sample is processed to separate serum or plasma, which is then analyzed using electrophoresis with bromocresol green dye. Results are interpreted based on the distribution of protein bands.

How Results Are Interpreted

Results show the relative amounts of albumin and globulins. A shift toward higher globulin levels (with low albumin) may indicate inflammation, infection, or immune disorders. Conversely, very low albumin levels could signal liver or kidney problems. Your healthcare provider will compare these findings to your overall health and symptoms.