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Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin, globulins, and other fractions, which helps assess protein balance and potential conditions like kidney disease or liver issues.

Quick summary

["Evaluates protein distribution in your blood to identify imbalances or underlying health concerns."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
69290-5
Short code
Deprecated US Brst-R Bx needle guide
Synonyms
Deprecated US Brst-R Bx needle guide
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
us
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions affecting protein levels, such as kidney disease, liver disorders, or certain autoimmune diseases. It can also help check for protein-losing conditions or track treatment responses in patients with chronic illnesses.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is drawn, and the serum/plasma is separated. The sample is then applied to a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing proteins to separate based on size and charge. Different bands represent distinct protein fractions, which are analyzed to determine their concentrations.

Sample Collection and Preparation

Blood is collected in a special tube to separate serum or plasma. This process typically requires a few minutes and may cause mild discomfort at the needle site. Avoid eating or drinking for 2–4 hours before the test if instructed.

Interpreting Results

Results show the relative amounts of different protein groups. Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions like hypoalbuminemia (low albumin), hyperglobulinemia (high globulins), or specific protein abnormalities linked to diseases.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test measure?
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin, globulins, and other fractions. It helps identify imbalances that may signal underlying health issues like kidney or liver problems.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions, but generally, avoid eating or drinking for 2–4 hours before the test if specified. This helps ensure accurate results.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your provider will discuss findings with you during your follow-up visit.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy