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Total Protein in Serum

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood serum, which includes proteins like albumin and globulins that help maintain fluid balance, support immunity, and transport nutrients.

Quick summary

["Your blood protein levels can help identify conditions affecting your kidneys, liver, or immune system."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
44461-2
Short code
D farinae Ab Ql ID
Synonyms
D farinae Ab Ql ID
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
immune-diffusion
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Blood protein levels are important for many bodily functions. Low levels might suggest problems like malnutrition, kidney disease, or liver issues, while high levels could indicate conditions like multiple myeloma or dehydration. Your doctor may order this test to monitor chronic diseases or investigate symptoms like swelling, fatigue, or unexplained weight loss.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may have a small needle inserted into a vein in your arm, and a small amount of blood will be drawn. If you’re on blood thinners, let your doctor know before the test.

Common Conditions Monitored

Doctors often check total protein levels to diagnose or monitor conditions such as kidney disease (e.g., nephrotic syndrome), liver disease, infections, or inflammatory disorders. It can also help assess hydration status or rule out certain cancers.

What the Results Mean

Results are typically reported as a total protein value (e.g., in grams per deciliter). While reference ranges vary by lab, very low or very high values may signal underlying health concerns that need further evaluation by your healthcare provider.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Protein

Frequently asked questions

How often do I need this test?
This test is often ordered as part of a routine blood panel or when symptoms like swelling, fatigue, or unexplained weight changes appear. Your doctor may also recommend it periodically if you have a chronic condition like kidney or liver disease.
Can diet affect my protein test results?
Diet can influence protein levels, especially if you’re eating very low or very high-protein diets. For example, severe malnutrition may lower protein levels, while excessive protein intake might temporarily raise them. If you’re on a special diet, discuss it with your doctor before the test.
What if my results are outside the normal range?
If your results are outside the expected range, your doctor will likely order additional tests or evaluations to determine the cause. This could include checking for kidney function, liver health, or other conditions affecting protein production or retention.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy