Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen Antibody (IgG) Titration (Serum)

What Does This Test Measure?

The test detects IgG antibodies specific to the Epstein-Barr virus, which develop after your body has been exposed to the virus. These antibodies remain in your blood for years, indicating past infection. The titration process determines the exact concentration of these antibodies, which can vary depending on the stage of infection or immune response.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms of EBV infection, such as fatigue, fever, or swollen lymph nodes, or if you have a chronic condition like chronic active EBV infection. It can also be used to monitor immune function in people with weakened immune systems or to diagnose certain cancers linked to EBV, such as Burkitt lymphoma.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm. The sample is then sent to a lab where it is analyzed using an immunoassay method to measure the concentration of EBV-specific IgG antibodies. The result is reported as a titer, which indicates the strength of your antibody response.

What Do the Results Mean?

Results are qualitative (positive or negative) rather than a specific numeric range, as they focus on the presence and relative strength of antibodies. A positive result suggests past or current EBV infection, while a negative result indicates no detectable antibodies. The exact meaning depends on clinical context and your medical history.