Serum or plasma protein electrophoresis with bromocresol green (BCG) dye binding assay

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Your blood contains several types of proteins, each with a unique role. This test separates these proteins based on size and charge, revealing patterns that can indicate health or disease. Albumin, the most abundant protein, helps maintain fluid balance, while globulins include antibodies and other proteins involved in immune function and transport of substances like iron. The dye bromocresol green binds to albumin and some globulins, allowing for a specific measurement of these fractions.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Doctors may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions affecting protein production, such as liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), kidney disease, or certain autoimmune disorders. It can also help evaluate nutritional status or screen for conditions like multiple myeloma, where abnormal protein production occurs.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then separated into its components, and the serum or plasma is analyzed using the bromocresol green dye method. This process typically takes a few hours, and results are interpreted by a healthcare provider.

What to Expect Before the Test

There are usually no special preparations needed for this test. However, inform your healthcare provider about any medications you’re taking, as some may affect protein levels. Avoid strenuous activity or eating heavy meals before the blood draw to ensure accurate results.