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Serum Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibody (ASMA) by Immunoassay

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures antibodies in your blood that may indicate an autoimmune condition affecting the liver or other organs.

Quick summary

["ASMA helps diagnose conditions like autoimmune hepatitis or other liver-related autoimmune diseases."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
29965-1
Short code
ENA SS-B IgG Ser IA-aCnc
Synonyms
ENA SS-B IgG Ser IA-aCnc
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ia
CPT
82784
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Is This Test Measuring?

The test detects the presence of antibodies called anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA). These antibodies target proteins found in the smooth muscle cells of organs, including the liver. Elevated levels may suggest an autoimmune response that can damage these tissues.

Why Might Your Doctor Order This Test?

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, abdominal pain, jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), or unexplained liver enzyme abnormalities. It’s also used to monitor autoimmune liver diseases.

How Is the Sample Collected?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum portion is separated and tested for ASMA antibodies using an immunoassay method.

What Are Common Results and Next Steps?

Results may be positive (indicating ASMA antibodies present) or negative. A positive result may prompt further testing, such as liver function tests or biopsy, to determine the cause of your symptoms.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

ASMA Antibody Test

Frequently asked questions

What does a positive ASMA test mean for my health?
A positive ASMA test suggests your immune system may be attacking smooth muscle cells in your body, which can affect organs like the liver. This often leads to further evaluation to rule out autoimmune hepatitis or other conditions. Your doctor will guide you on next steps, such as additional tests or treatment plans.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Test results typically arrive within 24 to 72 hours, depending on your lab’s processing schedule. Your healthcare provider will contact you once results are available.
Can lifestyle changes affect ASMA test results?
ASMA antibody levels are generally stable and not significantly influenced by lifestyle factors like diet or exercise. However, if you have an active autoimmune condition, your doctor may recommend managing symptoms to reduce stress on your body.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy