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Erythropoietin (EPO) in Plasma or Serum

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the level of erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone produced by your kidneys that helps your body make red blood cells.

Quick summary

["EPO helps regulate blood cell production and may be checked if you have anemia or kidney issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
73398-0
Short code
EPO ind plt IgM SerPl Ql FC
Synonyms
EPO ind plt IgM SerPl Ql FC
Category
hematology
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
flow-cytometry
CPT
82784
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, shortness of breath, or pale skin, which could indicate low red blood cell counts. It may also be done to monitor kidney function or to check for conditions like polycythemia vera or certain cancers that affect blood production.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll have a small needle inserted into your arm or vein to draw a blood sample. If you’re concerned about needles, let your healthcare provider know so they can help make it more comfortable.

What the Test Results Mean

EPO levels can vary based on health, activity level, and medications. High levels might suggest kidney disease or other conditions affecting red blood cell production, while very low levels could indicate anemia or other blood disorders.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor kidney disease, anemia, or conditions like polycythemia (too many red blood cells). It may also be checked in people receiving blood cell-stimulating treatments.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

EPO Level

Frequently asked questions

What does my EPO level tell me about my health?
EPO levels help doctors assess whether your kidneys are producing enough of this hormone to keep your red blood cell count stable. Abnormally high or low levels may signal underlying health concerns that need further investigation, such as kidney disease, anemia, or certain cancers.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your medical history, symptoms, and treatment plan. Follow their guidance—regular monitoring may be needed if you have chronic kidney disease or are receiving blood-stimulating therapies.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
You can eat and drink normally before the test unless your doctor advises otherwise. Blood tests don’t require fasting unless specified for other reasons, like checking cholesterol or liver function.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy