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Serum or Plasma Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, separated by size and charge. It helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors check for unusual protein patterns that could indicate serious health issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
2237-6
Short code
EPO SerPl-mCnc
Synonyms
EPO SerPl-mCnc
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates proteins into bands based on their electrical charge and size. Common protein fractions include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal bands may appear as extra peaks or missing ones.

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, kidney disease, or autoimmune disorders. It can also help evaluate symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or swelling.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate serum or plasma for testing. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be required depending on the lab’s protocol.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may experience mild discomfort or bruising at the injection site. Avoid heavy exercise or aspirin-containing medications for 24 hours before the test, as they can affect blood clotting.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test show?
The results show the distribution of different protein types in your blood. Normal results have distinct bands representing albumin, globulins, and other proteins. Abnormal results may indicate extra bands (e.g., monoclonal spikes) or missing bands, which can signal conditions like multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, or liver/kidney disease.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1 to 3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you during a follow-up visit.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Check with your doctor or lab for specific instructions, but generally, no food or drink is required unless fasting is part of the test protocol. Follow their guidance to ensure accurate results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy