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: Examination of Colon by Colonoscopy

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

: A colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible camera-equipped tube to examine the inside of the colon and rectum, allowing doctors to look for polyps, inflammation, bleeding, or other abnormalities.

Quick summary

[": A colonoscopy lets your doctor directly visualize the lining of your colon to screen for problems and, when needed, take tissue samples or remove growths."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
111856-1
Short code
Exam info Colon Colonoscopy
Synonyms
Exam info Colon Colonoscopy
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
colonoscopy
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

: What the Procedure Involves

: During a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube with a light and camera is inserted through the rectum and guided through the colon. The doctor views the lining on a monitor and can examine the full length of the large intestine.

: Why It Is Done

: Colonoscopy may be performed to screen for colorectal cancer, investigate symptoms such as rectal bleeding, persistent diarrhea, constipation, or abdominal pain, follow up on abnormal imaging or stool tests, or monitor conditions like inflammatory bowel disease.

: How to Prepare

: Your colon must be clean for the doctor to see the lining clearly. You will typically be asked to follow a special diet and take a bowel-cleansing preparation beforehand, and you may need to adjust certain medications. Your care team will give you specific instructions.

: What to Expect

: You are usually given sedation to keep you comfortable. The procedure generally takes a short time, and most people go home the same day after a brief recovery period. Your doctor will discuss findings and any next steps with you.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

: Colonoscopy

Frequently asked questions

: Does a colonoscopy hurt?
: Most people receive sedation or pain relief, so discomfort is usually minimal during the procedure. Some may feel bloating or mild cramping afterward as air leaves the colon.
: How long does a colonoscopy take?
: The examination itself is typically brief, though the total visit including preparation, sedation, and recovery takes longer. Your care team can give you a more specific estimate.
: When will I get my results?
: Your doctor may share initial findings right after the procedure. If tissue samples (biopsies) were taken, laboratory results usually take several days, and your care team will explain when and how you will receive them.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy