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Total Protein in Serum

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood serum, which includes albumin and other proteins like globulins.

Quick summary

["Your blood protein levels help your body stay healthy by maintaining fluid balance and supporting immune function."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
43118-9
Short code
Fat Pnl Stl
Synonyms
Fat Pnl Stl
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for conditions affecting protein levels, such as kidney disease, liver problems, malnutrition, or certain infections. It can also help monitor long-term health in people with chronic illnesses like heart disease or diabetes.

What to Expect During the Test

A small blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it’s quick and doesn’t require special preparation. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis.

What the Results Mean

Low protein levels might suggest conditions like kidney disease, malnutrition, or severe infections. High levels could indicate dehydration, liver disease, or certain inflammatory conditions. Your results will be compared to a reference range specific to your age and health status.

Common Conditions Linked to Protein Levels

Protein levels can be affected by conditions like chronic kidney disease, liver cirrhosis, severe infections, or conditions that cause excessive protein loss (e.g., burns or certain autoimmune diseases).

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Protein

Frequently asked questions

What causes low protein levels in blood?
Low protein levels can result from conditions like kidney disease (where proteins are lost in urine), liver disease (where protein production is impaired), malnutrition, or severe infections that drain protein reserves. Certain medications or rapid weight loss can also contribute.
What does it mean if my protein levels are high?
High protein levels may indicate dehydration, liver disease, or conditions causing excessive protein production (like certain cancers or inflammatory diseases). Your doctor will review your symptoms and other test results to determine the cause.
Do I need to prepare for this test?
No special preparation is needed. However, avoid heavy meals or alcohol before the test, as they may slightly affect results. Let your healthcare provider know about any medications you’re taking.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy