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Total Serum Cholesterol (with Lipoprotein Subfractions: LDL, HDL, and Triglycerides)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures your total cholesterol and breaks it down into LDL (bad cholesterol), HDL (good cholesterol), and triglycerides, helping assess your heart health risk.

Quick summary

["Knowing your cholesterol levels helps prevent heart disease and stroke."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
2270-7
Short code
Fat Stl Ql
Synonyms
Fat Stl Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
stool
Container
Clean container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 g
Stability
Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Cholesterol is a type of fat your body needs for healthy cells, but too much can clog your arteries. This test helps doctors check if your levels are healthy or if you need lifestyle changes or medication.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to fast for 12 hours before the test if triglycerides are part of the panel. Bring any medications you’re currently taking.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is taken from your arm. The lab then measures cholesterol and its subfractions using advanced techniques like immunoassay or enzymatic methods to detect different types of fat in your blood.

What the Results Mean

Results show your total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides. While exact numbers vary by lab, high LDL or triglycerides and low HDL may increase your risk of heart problems. Your doctor will interpret these results with your overall health.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Cholesterol Profile

Frequently asked questions

What causes high cholesterol?
High cholesterol can result from genetics, an unhealthy diet (high in saturated or trans fats), lack of physical activity, obesity, or certain medical conditions like diabetes or kidney disease. Smoking and excessive alcohol use may also raise cholesterol levels.
How can I lower my cholesterol naturally?
Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, reducing saturated and trans fats, and increasing fiber intake can help. Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking are also key. Your doctor may recommend supplements like plant sterols or omega-3 fatty acids if needed.
Do I need this test if I don’t have symptoms?
Yes, even if you feel healthy, cholesterol tests are important because many people don’t show symptoms of high cholesterol. Regular screenings (often starting at age 20 or earlier if you have risk factors) help catch issues early and prevent serious health problems.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy