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SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Detection in Respiratory Specimen by Probe-Based Real-Time PCR

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for the presence of genetic material from the virus that causes COVID-19 in a sample taken from your respiratory tract, such as nasal or throat swab.

Quick summary

["Determines if you may have an active COVID-19 infection based on viral presence in your respiratory secretions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
95380-2
Short code
FluAB+SARS-CoV-2+SARSr-CoV Resp NAA+prb
Synonyms
FluAB+SARS-CoV-2+SARSr-CoV Resp NAA+prb
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

The test uses a specialized laboratory technique called real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A small sample of your respiratory fluid is analyzed to detect specific genetic sequences unique to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. If the virus is present, the test will identify these sequences.

Sample Collection

A healthcare provider will collect a sample using a swab from your nose or throat. This sample is then sent to the lab for testing.

Test Results Interpretation

Results are typically reported as either positive (indicating the presence of the virus) or negative (indicating no detectable virus). A positive result suggests you may have an active infection and should follow medical advice for isolation and treatment.

When You Might Need This Test

This test is commonly used to diagnose COVID-19, especially if you have symptoms like fever, cough, shortness of breath, or have been exposed to someone with COVID-19. It may also be used for screening in healthcare settings, travel, or before certain activities.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

COVID-19 Respiratory PCR Test

Frequently asked questions

Why might my doctor order this test?
Your doctor may order this test to confirm a suspected COVID-19 infection, monitor your condition if you are symptomatic, or screen for exposure in high-risk settings. It helps guide treatment decisions and public health measures.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means the test detected genetic material from the virus, suggesting you are likely infected with COVID-19 at the time of testing. This does not necessarily mean you will get sick, but it indicates you should take precautions to avoid spreading the virus to others.
Can this test detect past infection?
No, this test specifically looks for active infection by detecting the virus’s genetic material. To check for past infection, other tests like antibody tests are used.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy