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Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) profile by immunofluorescence (serum/plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures antibodies that may indicate a rare autoimmune condition affecting blood vessels, called vasculitis.

Quick summary

["Helps diagnose or monitor autoimmune diseases linked to inflammation in blood vessels."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
111560-9
Short code
FLUAV RNA BAS Ql NAA+n-prb
Synonyms
FLUAV RNA BAS Ql NAA+n-prb
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
non-probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test detects two main types of ANCA antibodies—cytoplasmic (c-ANCA) and proteinase 3 (PR3) and anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO)—using a fluorescent microscope. These antibodies are linked to certain types of vasculitis, a group of conditions causing inflammation in blood vessel walls.

Why It’s Ordered

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained skin rashes, joint pain, kidney issues, or unexplained infections, especially when other tests don’t provide a clear answer.

Common Symptoms to Watch For

Symptoms like fever, fatigue, weight loss, or organ-specific issues (e.g., kidney pain, vision changes) may prompt this test, particularly if you have a history of autoimmune diseases.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is drawn, and the serum/plasma is tested for ANCA antibodies. Fluorescent dyes bind to antibodies if present, making them visible under a microscope to confirm a positive result.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

ANCA Screen/Confirm

Frequently asked questions

If ANCA antibodies are found, it suggests a high likelihood of vasculitis. The specific type (c-ANCA/PR3 or p-ANCA/MPO) helps narrow diagnosis and guide treatment, such as steroids or immune-modulating drugs.
This test alone doesn’t diagnose vasculitis but supports further evaluation with imaging, blood tests, or biopsies. Early detection improves treatment outcomes.
What Does a Positive Result Mean?
A positive result indicates the presence of ANCA antibodies, which may signal vasculitis. Follow-up testing and clinical correlation are needed to confirm diagnosis and determine the best course of action.
Can ANCA antibodies disappear over time?
Yes, some patients with vasculitis may see antibody levels drop with effective treatment, but results can vary. Regular monitoring is often recommended to track response to therapy.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy