Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPEP) with Abnormal Fraction Measurement
This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood, including albumin and globulins, using electrophoresis. It helps identify imbalances that may signal conditions like chronic inflammation, infections, or certain cancers.
["Electrophoresis helps doctors spot protein patterns that could signal hidden health issues."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 53457-8
- Short code
- Gamma 3 glob abnormal MFr SerPl Elph
- Synonyms
- Gamma 3 glob abnormal MFr SerPl Elph
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 7.35
- Ref high
- 7.45
- Critical range
- 7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Does This Test Measure?
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into bands based on size and charge. The test focuses on the fraction of proteins (globulins) that may appear abnormal, often due to changes in immune function or disease processes. Results are reported as a pattern rather than specific numeric values for each protein group.
Why Might You Need This Test?
Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, unexplained weight loss, or swollen lymph nodes, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or chronic infections. It’s also used to monitor certain treatments.
How Is This Test Performed?
A small blood sample is drawn from your arm and sent to a lab. The serum is then placed in an electric field to separate proteins into distinct bands. The pattern of these bands is analyzed to identify any unusual distributions.
What Are Common Findings?
Abnormal patterns may show increased or decreased globulins, unusual bands, or skewed albumin levels. These changes can indicate conditions affecting protein production or immune response, though exact causes require further evaluation.
Reference range
NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal protein patterns on SPEP can signal underlying diseases such as monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), chronic inflammatory conditions, or immune disorders. It’s a key diagnostic tool for identifying protein abnormalities that may not be detected by standard blood tests alone.
Short name
SPEP
Frequently asked questions
What does an abnormal globulin fraction mean?
How long does it take to get results?
Can lifestyle changes affect this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy