Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Fractionated)

This test measures specific substances in your body, such as blood cells, proteins, hormones, or other important markers, to help your healthcare provider evaluate how well certain organs and body systems are working and to detect possible health concerns.

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into five main fractions: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins. This test specifically focuses on the gamma globulin fraction, which includes antibodies and other immune-related proteins.

Your doctor may order this test to help diagnose a medical condition, monitor an ongoing illness, check how well a current treatment is working, or as part of a routine checkup to screen for problems before any symptoms appear.

Your healthcare provider may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions like immune system disorders (e.g., multiple myeloma, autoimmune diseases), liver disease, or kidney problems. It can also help assess protein malnutrition or track treatment responses.

A trained professional will collect your sample, usually a small amount of blood drawn from a vein in your arm using a clean, sterile needle. Some tests may require a urine, saliva, or swab sample instead, and your care team will explain exactly what is needed.

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The serum (liquid part of blood after clotting) is then separated and analyzed using electrophoresis to measure protein distribution.

Before the test, tell your healthcare provider about all medications, vitamins, and supplements you take, since some can affect your results. You may be asked to fast for a certain number of hours or avoid certain foods and drinks, so plan a few extra minutes for check-in.

No special preparation is needed, but inform your provider about any medications or recent illnesses. Avoid strenuous activity 24 hours before the test.