Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.
["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or immune disorders."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 40632-2
- Short code
- Gamma glob/Beta glob CSF Elph
- Synonyms
- Gamma glob/Beta glob CSF Elph
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- csf
- Container
- Sterile tube
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 7.35
- Ref high
- 7.45
- Critical range
- 7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- Specimen volume
- 1-2 mL
- Stability
- Immediate analysis required, Refrigerated: 1h
- Hemolysis max
- 200
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Proteins Are Measured?
Electrophoresis splits blood proteins into five main zones: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins. Each zone contains proteins that play distinct roles in your body, such as transporting nutrients, fighting infections, or maintaining fluid balance.
Why This Test Matters in Diagnosis
Abnormal protein patterns can reveal conditions like chronic liver disease (where albumin may be low), multiple myeloma (where abnormal monoclonal proteins appear), or immune system disorders (like elevated gamma globulins).
Sample Preparation and Testing Process
A blood sample is drawn, and the serum (liquid part after clotting) is analyzed. Proteins are separated using an electric current in a gel or paper medium, creating distinct bands that indicate protein types and quantities.
Common Conditions Evaluated
This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as liver disease, kidney disease, infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain cancers like multiple myeloma.
Reference range
NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal results may signal underlying health issues, such as protein loss due to kidney disease, overproduction of specific proteins (e.g., monoclonal gammopathy), or changes in protein synthesis caused by liver or immune system dysfunction. Early detection can guide treatment decisions.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)
Frequently asked questions
What does a protein electrophoresis test show?
How long does it take to get results?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy