Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and charge.
["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or immune disorders."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 17499-5
- Short code
- Gamma glob Fld Elph-mCnc
- Synonyms
- Gamma glob Fld Elph-mCnc
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Does This Test Measure?
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into five main fractions: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins. Each fraction contains proteins with distinct roles, such as transporting nutrients, fighting infection, or maintaining blood pressure.
Why Might You Need This Test?
Your doctor may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or recurrent infections. It can also help diagnose conditions affecting protein production, such as certain cancers, liver or kidney disease, or autoimmune disorders.
Sample Collection and Preparation
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate the serum (liquid part without clots) for testing. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised if your doctor specifies it.
What Are Common Findings?
Abnormal patterns may show up as shifts in protein bands. For example, a high gamma globulin level might suggest an immune disorder, while a spike in beta globulins could indicate liver disease or certain cancers.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
◆Associated findings1
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)
Frequently asked questions
This test is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring conditions like multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), chronic liver disease, or autoimmune diseases like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. It can also help track treatment effectiveness.
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will discuss the findings with you during your follow-up visit.
No specific dietary restrictions apply unless your doctor advises fasting. However, inform your doctor about any medications you’re taking, as some may affect results.
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy