Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using a technique called electrophoresis. It helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders.
["Electrophoresis helps doctors spot unusual protein levels that could signal hidden health issues."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 72581-2
- Short code
- Gamma glob MFr.DF Ur Elph
- Synonyms
- Gamma glob MFr.DF Ur Elph
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- urine
- Container
- Sterile urine container
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 7.35
- Ref high
- 7.45
- Critical range
- 7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- Specimen volume
- 10 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Is Electrophoresis Used For?
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into fractions (albumin, globulins, etc.) based on size and charge. This helps detect conditions like chronic inflammation, infections, or cancers that alter protein composition. For example, it may show elevated or unusual globulin bands in diseases like multiple myeloma or autoimmune disorders.
How Is the Test Performed?
A blood sample is drawn and placed in a gel or agarose medium. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite electrode. After staining, bands representing different protein types appear, allowing for visual analysis.
Preparation and Sample Requirements
No special preparation is needed, but fasting may not be required. Your blood sample is taken from a vein, and the test is typically done in a lab. Results are qualitative (descriptive) rather than numeric, so they’re interpreted by a healthcare provider.
When Might You Need This Test?
Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, frequent infections, or signs of liver/kidney disease. It’s also used in screening for conditions like monoclonal gammopathy (abnormal protein production).
Reference range
NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal electrophoresis results can reveal hidden health problems, such as: - **Monoclonal gammopathy** (e.g., multiple myeloma or benign conditions like benign monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance). - **Liver disease** (e.g., cirrhosis, where albumin levels drop). - **Inflammatory or autoimmune disorders** (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, where globulins rise). - **Infections** (e.g., chronic bacterial/viral conditions affecting protein balance). Doctors use these findings to guide treatment or monitor conditions like cancer or organ dysfunction.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
How long does it take to get results?
Can I fast before this test?
What if my results show abnormal protein bands?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy