Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using a technique called electrophoresis. It helps identify abnormalities in protein levels that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or immune disorders.
["Electrophoresis helps doctors check for unusual protein patterns that could signal health concerns."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 17818-6
- Short code
- Gamma glob MFr Fld Elph
- Synonyms
- Gamma glob MFr Fld Elph
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 7.35
- Ref high
- 7.45
- Critical range
- 7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- CPT
- 86430
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Does This Test Measure?
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins based on their size and electrical charge. The test looks at five main protein zones: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins (antibodies). Abnormal bands or shifts in these zones can signal underlying health issues.
Why Might Your Doctor Order This Test?
Doctors may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, unexplained weight loss, frequent infections, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or liver/kidney disease. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress for certain blood disorders.
How Is the Test Performed?
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum (liquid part of blood without clots) is then placed in a gel and subjected to an electric current. Proteins move toward the opposite charge, creating distinct bands that are analyzed under light.
What Are Common Findings?
Normal results show balanced bands across all protein zones. Abnormal findings might include extra bands (e.g., monoclonal spikes), reduced albumin, or elevated gamma globulins. These patterns can guide further testing or treatment plans.
Reference range
NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Clinical Significance: How This Test Helps Diagnose or Guide Treatment
Frequently asked questions
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Can I eat or drink anything before this test?
What if I have a history of blood clots or bleeding disorders?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy