Skip to content

Immunoglobulin Electrophoresis (Serum or Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the distribution of proteins in your blood, including immunoglobulins (antibodies), using electrophoresis to separate them by size.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal immune system issues or other health conditions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
77343-2
Short code
Gamma glob ?Tm Ur Elph-mCnc
Synonyms
Gamma glob ?Tm Ur Elph-mCnc
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands based on their electrical charge and size. Key immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE) and other proteins (albumin, globulins) are analyzed for concentration and distribution.

Why It’s Done

This test is often used to diagnose conditions like immune deficiencies, multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy, or chronic inflammatory diseases. It may also help evaluate protein loss in urine (e.g., nephrotic syndrome) or monitor treatment responses.

Sample Collection

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm. The blood is processed to separate serum or plasma, which is then analyzed in a lab.

Preparation Tips

No special preparation is needed, but inform your provider if you’re on blood-thinning medications or have a history of bleeding disorders.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

IgE Profile or Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a ‘spike’ or ‘band’ on the electrophoresis report mean?
A spike or band represents an unusually high concentration of a specific protein, often seen in conditions like multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy. Your provider will interpret these findings in context with your symptoms and medical history.
You can eat and drink normally unless instructed otherwise. Some tests require fasting, but this one does not.
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your provider will discuss them with you.
A small needle is used to draw blood, which may cause mild discomfort for a few seconds. Most people tolerate it well, and the site may feel sore briefly afterward.
Your provider will explain what the results mean based on your specific test report. Out-of-range values may signal conditions requiring further testing or medical evaluation.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy