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Total Protein in Serum (Electrophoresis-Based)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood serum, which includes albumin and other proteins like globulins. Proteins are essential for transporting nutrients, maintaining fluid balance, and supporting immune function.

Quick summary

["Your blood protein levels help assess overall health, kidney function, and potential nutritional deficiencies."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
61269-7
Short code
Gelatin IgE/IgE total %
Synonyms
Gelatin IgE/IgE total %
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may order this test to check for conditions like malnutrition, liver disease, kidney problems, or infections. It can also help monitor protein-losing disorders, such as nephrotic syndrome, or evaluate the effectiveness of treatments for conditions affecting protein synthesis or retention.

What Does the Test Involve?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum portion is then analyzed using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge. This helps determine the total protein concentration.

What Are Common Results and Interpretations?

While exact reference ranges vary by lab, lower than expected levels may suggest malnutrition, liver disease, or kidney issues. Higher levels could indicate dehydration, multiple myeloma, or severe inflammation. Your healthcare provider will interpret results in the context of your overall health.

What Can Affect Test Results?

Factors like dehydration, recent protein intake, certain medications (e.g., steroids), or medical conditions (e.g., kidney disease) can influence protein levels. Avoiding large meals 24 hours before the test can help ensure accurate results.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Total Protein (Serum)

Frequently asked questions

What might my results mean if they’re abnormal?
Abnormally low protein levels may signal conditions like cirrhosis (liver disease), severe kidney disease, or malnutrition. Abnormally high levels might indicate dehydration, chronic inflammation, or certain cancers like multiple myeloma. Always discuss any concerns with your doctor, as they’ll consider your full medical history and symptoms.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your health status. Some people may need it yearly, while others may require it more frequently if they have ongoing conditions like kidney disease or liver problems.
Can I prepare for this test?
Yes, avoid eating a large meal 24 hours before your test. Stay hydrated unless your doctor advises otherwise. Wear comfortable clothing and let your doctor or nurse know if you’re taking any medications that might affect blood protein levels.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy