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Bilirubin, Total (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down, and it helps the liver process waste products.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin levels help diagnose liver and bile duct issues, including jaundice or gallbladder problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
95597-1
Short code
Gel bodies Smn Ql Micro
Synonyms
Gel bodies Smn Ql Micro
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
microscopy
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Bilirubin is a normal byproduct of red blood cell recycling. When levels rise, it can indicate problems like liver disease, gallbladder blockages, or hemolysis (red blood cell destruction). High levels often cause jaundice, where the skin or eyes turn yellow.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may drink water beforehand, but avoid alcohol or certain medications (like pain relievers) that could affect results. Your blood will be drawn from a vein, usually in your arm.

Common Causes of Abnormal Results

Elevated bilirubin may stem from liver disease (e.g., hepatitis), bile duct obstructions (e.g., gallstones), or conditions like hemolytic anemia. Low levels are less common but may signal liver dysfunction or certain genetic disorders.

What the Results Mean

Results are typically reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). A range is provided for comparison, but individual results depend on your health. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Serum Bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

How often do I need this test?
This test is often ordered if you have symptoms like jaundice (yellowing skin/eyes), dark urine, pale stools, or known liver/gallbladder conditions. Your doctor may also recommend it during routine check-ups or if you’re taking medications that affect liver function.
What if my results are high?
If your bilirubin is elevated, your doctor may order additional tests (e.g., liver function tests, ultrasound) to pinpoint the cause. Treatment depends on the underlying issue—e.g., managing liver disease or removing gallstones.
Can diet or supplements affect this test?
Yes, certain foods (like high-fiber or cruciferous vegetables) or supplements (e.g., vitamin K) may influence results. Avoid taking them 24 hours before testing unless directed by your doctor.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy