Serum or plasma free light chains (total)

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained fatigue, frequent infections, kidney problems, or if they suspect a blood-related disorder such as multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or monoclonal gammopathy. It may also be used to monitor treatment progress or check for recurrence.

What to Expect During the Test

A blood sample will be drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The process is quick and typically painless. The sample is then sent to a lab for analysis. No special preparation is usually needed, but you may be asked to avoid certain medications or foods for a short time if instructed by your provider.

Understanding Your Results

Free light chains are measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Elevated levels may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, where abnormal proteins are produced. Low levels might suggest other immune system or blood disorders. Your results will be interpreted by your healthcare provider in the context of your overall health and medical history.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, and other plasma cell dyscrasias. It can also help evaluate kidney function and assess the effectiveness of treatments targeting abnormal protein production.