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Total Serum Protein with Albumin-to-Globulin Ratio (Electrophoresis)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures your blood’s total protein levels and compares albumin and globulin fractions to help assess protein balance, potential malnutrition, or kidney/immune system issues.

Quick summary

["Your blood’s protein balance may indicate health risks like malnutrition or kidney problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
14431-1
Short code
Globulin Ur-mCnc
Synonyms
Globulin Ur-mCnc
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Protein is vital for tissue repair, immune function, and fluid balance. Albumin (the smaller protein fraction) helps maintain blood pressure, while globulins (larger proteins) support immunity and clotting. An abnormal ratio can signal conditions like liver disease, kidney dysfunction, or protein-losing disorders.

How the Test Works

Blood is drawn and separated into components. Electrophoresis separates proteins by size, allowing measurement of albumin and globulin levels. The albumin-to-globulin ratio is calculated by dividing albumin by globulin concentrations.

What to Expect Before Testing

No special preparation is needed, but avoid heavy meals 2 hours before your visit. Hydration is fine, but check with your provider if you’re on blood-thinning medications.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test helps diagnose or monitor conditions like malnutrition, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, or immune disorders. It may also guide treatment for conditions like nephrotic syndrome or inflammatory diseases.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Protein & AG Ratio

Frequently asked questions

What does an abnormal result mean?
An abnormal ratio may signal conditions like liver disease (high globulins), kidney issues (low albumin), or malnutrition (low total protein). Your provider will discuss results with you and may recommend additional tests.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 24–48 hours, depending on your lab. Follow-up with your healthcare provider to discuss findings.
Can diet affect this test?
Yes, protein-rich diets can influence results. Avoid high-protein meals 2 hours before testing, but avoid extreme restrictions unless advised by your provider.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy