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Glucose, Plasma (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of glucose (sugar) in your plasma, which helps assess blood sugar levels and identify conditions like diabetes or metabolic disturbances.

Quick summary

["A critical test for monitoring blood sugar and diabetes management."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
1496-9
Short code
Glucose 1.5h p 75 g Glc PO SerPl-mCnc
Synonyms
Glucose 1.5h p 75 g Glc PO SerPl-mCnc
Category
glucose
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
70
Ref high
100
Critical range
50 N/A – 400 N/A
Fasting
true
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82947
SNOMED
260395008
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Glucose is the primary energy source for your body. Abnormal levels can indicate health issues such as diabetes, hypoglycemia, or other metabolic disorders. This test helps doctors track how your body processes sugar and plan treatment if needed.

How the Test Works

Plasma is collected from a blood sample and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This method separates and measures glucose molecules with high precision, ensuring accurate results.

Sample Collection

You’ll have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood. The blood is processed into plasma, which is then sent to the lab for testing. Avoid eating or drinking for a specified period before the test to ensure accurate results.

When You Might Need This Test

Doctors order this test to diagnose or monitor diabetes, check for low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), evaluate metabolic disorders, or assess how your body responds to medications or treatments.

Reference range

Fasting: 70-100 mg/dLN/A

Specimen: serum

Fasting for 8-12 hours required. Water is permitted. Avoid chewing gum and smoking before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Plasma Glucose

Frequently asked questions

What does a high or low glucose level mean?
High glucose levels may signal diabetes or insulin resistance, while persistently low levels could indicate hypoglycemia, endocrine disorders, or certain medications. Regular monitoring helps prevent complications like nerve damage or heart disease.
How often should I get this test?
Frequency depends on your health status. If you have diabetes, your doctor may recommend testing every few months or annually. Others may need it less often, such as during routine check-ups or if symptoms arise.
Can lifestyle changes affect this test result?
Yes, diet, exercise, and stress can impact blood sugar levels. Skipping meals, excessive alcohol, or certain medications may temporarily alter results. Always follow your doctor’s instructions for fasting or timing the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy