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Glucose (Plasma or Serum) by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of glucose, a type of sugar, in your blood plasma or serum. Glucose is the primary energy source for your body’s cells.

Quick summary

["Check your blood sugar levels for diabetes management or metabolic health monitoring."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
26554-6
Short code
Glucose 2.5h p Glc SerPl-mCnc
Synonyms
Glucose 2.5h p Glc SerPl-mCnc
Category
glucose
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
70
Ref high
100
Critical range
50 N/A – 400 N/A
Fasting
true
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82947
SNOMED
260395008
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions like diabetes, hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), or to check for metabolic disorders. It can also be part of routine health screenings or before certain treatments.

What to Expect Before the Test

For blood tests, you’ll typically have a small needle inserted into your arm or hand. The sample is collected into a tube. If fasting is required, follow your healthcare provider’s instructions. Avoid eating or drinking (except water) for 8–12 hours before the test if specified.

What Happens During the Test?

The test involves drawing a small amount of blood from your vein. The blood sample is then sent to a lab for analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which separates and measures glucose levels accurately.

What Are the Results Meaning?

Results are usually reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Your doctor will interpret the results in relation to your health status and any symptoms you may have. Abnormal results may trigger further testing or adjustments to your treatment plan.

Reference range

Fasting: 70-100 mg/dLN/A

Specimen: serum

Fasting for 8-12 hours required. Water is permitted. Avoid chewing gum and smoking before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Glucose Level

Frequently asked questions

How often should I get this test?
The frequency depends on your health condition. For example, people with diabetes usually check their glucose levels regularly, often monthly or more often as directed by their doctor. Routine blood glucose tests may be recommended every few years for adults without diabetes.
Can I eat or drink anything before the test?
Yes, you can usually drink water, but avoid eating solid foods for 8–12 hours before the test if fasting is required. Always follow your healthcare provider’s specific instructions to ensure accurate results.
What if my glucose level is too high or too low?
High or low glucose levels can cause symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, or confusion. If you experience these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. They may recommend lifestyle changes, medication adjustments, or further testing to manage your condition.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy