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Glucose, Serum (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of glucose, a type of sugar, in your blood serum using a high-performance liquid chromatography method.

Quick summary

["Glucose levels help monitor blood sugar health, often used in diabetes management or general metabolic checks."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
40043-2
Short code
Glucose 31h p chal SerPl-mCnc
Synonyms
Glucose 31h p chal SerPl-mCnc
Category
glucose
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
70
Ref high
100
Critical range
50 N/A – 400 N/A
Fasting
true
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82947
SNOMED
260395008
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for diabetes, monitor blood sugar control, assess metabolic health, or evaluate conditions like hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). It can also be part of routine check-ups or before certain treatments.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may fast (not eat) for 8–12 hours before the test if instructed, but confirm with your provider. Bring any medications you’re taking.

How the Test Works

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum is then analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography to measure glucose concentration accurately.

What the Results Mean

Results are compared to general reference ranges for glucose in serum. High or low values may signal diabetes, prediabetes, or other metabolic issues. Your provider will interpret results in the context of your health.

Reference range

Fasting: 70-100 mg/dLN/A

Specimen: serum

Fasting for 8-12 hours required. Water is permitted. Avoid chewing gum and smoking before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Glucose Levels and Health

Short name

Glucose Level

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal glucose levels?
Abnormal glucose levels can result from conditions like diabetes, infections, stress, certain medications, or hormonal imbalances. Diet, exercise, and underlying health conditions also play a role.
How often should I get this test?
Frequency depends on your health status. People with diabetes may test monthly or more often, while others may need it less frequently. Follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations.
Can I eat or drink before the test?
If fasting is required, avoid food and liquids (except water) for 8–12 hours beforehand. If not fasting, eat normally, but confirm with your provider to avoid misleading results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy