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Total Gram Stain Count of Upper Respiratory Specimen

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of bacteria present in a sample taken from your upper respiratory tract, such as your nose or throat. It helps identify potential infections.

Quick summary

["A higher count may suggest an infection needing medical attention."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
91808-6
Short code
Gram Stn Upper resp
Synonyms
Gram Stn Upper resp
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
gram-stain
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Is This Test Measuring?

The test involves collecting a sample from your nose or throat using a swab. The swab is then examined under a microscope to count bacteria. This is a qualitative assessment rather than a specific identification of bacteria types.

Why Might Your Doctor Order This Test?

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like sore throat, cough, or fever that could indicate a bacterial infection. It helps determine if antibiotics might be needed.

How Is the Sample Collected?

A healthcare provider will gently insert a sterile swab into your nose or throat to collect a sample. You may experience a slight discomfort but no pain. The swab is then sent to the lab for analysis.

What Does a Positive Result Mean?

A positive result means bacteria are present in your upper respiratory tract. This does not always mean you have an infection, but it can guide further testing or treatment decisions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test helps differentiate bacterial infections from viral infections by identifying bacterial presence. It is often used alongside clinical symptoms and other tests to guide antibiotic use, though not all bacterial infections require antibiotics.

Short name

Upper Resp Gram Stain Count

Frequently asked questions

What Are Common Causes of a Positive Gram Stain Result?
Common causes include bacterial infections such as strep throat, sinusitis, or pharyngitis caused by bacteria like *Streptococcus* or *Haemophilus*. It can also appear in cases of colonization without active infection.
How Long Does It Take to Get Results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will discuss the results with you during your follow-up visit.
Can I Take Antibiotics Before Knowing the Results?
It’s best to avoid antibiotics unless prescribed by your doctor. Taking antibiotics without confirmation of a bacterial infection can lead to antibiotic resistance. Follow your doctor’s advice.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy