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Total Protein (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood serum. Proteins are essential for many bodily functions, including transporting nutrients, maintaining fluid balance, and supporting immune responses.

Quick summary

["Understanding your protein levels can help identify potential health concerns like malnutrition, kidney disease, or liver issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
653-6
Short code
Gram Stn Ur
Synonyms
Gram Stn Ur
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
gram-stain
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why It Matters in Your Health

Your body produces proteins to help with everything from wound healing to fighting infections. Low or high protein levels can signal underlying health problems, such as malnutrition, kidney disease, or liver disorders. This test helps doctors monitor these conditions and guide treatment plans.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed for this blood test. You may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before your blood draw if your doctor specifies it, but this is not always required. Bring any medications you’re taking to your appointment.

Common Causes of Abnormal Results

Low protein levels might indicate conditions like malnutrition, severe kidney disease, or liver problems. High protein levels could suggest dehydration, certain infections, or conditions like multiple myeloma. Your doctor will discuss these findings with you based on your medical history and symptoms.

How the Test Works

A small sample of blood is taken from a vein in your arm. The blood is then sent to a lab, where it is analyzed to determine the total protein concentration. The test measures the combined weight of all proteins in the serum, including albumin and globulins.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Serum Protein Level

Frequently asked questions

What does a low protein level mean?
A low protein level may signal conditions like chronic kidney disease, liver disease, or poor nutrition. Your doctor might recommend further testing or dietary adjustments to address the underlying cause.
What does a high protein level mean?
High protein levels can occur with dehydration, severe infections, or conditions like multiple myeloma. Your doctor will review your symptoms and other test results to determine the best next steps.
Is fasting required for this test?
Fasting is not always required, but your doctor may instruct you to do so if they suspect liver or kidney issues. Always follow their specific instructions to ensure accurate results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy