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Total Protein in Serum

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood serum, which includes albumin and other proteins like globulins.

Quick summary

["Total protein helps assess overall protein balance and potential liver or kidney issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
14361-0
Short code
Gram Stn Vag
Synonyms
Gram Stn Vag
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
gram-stain
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Blood proteins play a vital role in maintaining fluid balance, supporting immune function, and transporting nutrients. Abnormal levels may indicate conditions like malnutrition, liver disease, or kidney problems.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may fast for 8–12 hours before the draw if instructed by your provider. Wear a loose shirt for easy access to your arm.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is taken from your arm and sent to a lab. The serum (liquid part after clotting) is analyzed to measure protein concentration using standard lab techniques.

Possible Results and Next Steps

Results are compared to general reference ranges. Low levels may signal protein loss (e.g., kidney disease) or poor nutrition, while high levels could point to dehydration or liver issues. Your doctor will discuss findings with you.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Total Protein

Frequently asked questions

What could cause low protein levels?
Conditions like chronic kidney disease, liver disease, or severe malnutrition can lead to lower than normal protein levels. Other causes may include excessive protein loss (e.g., from wounds or diarrhea) or certain medications.
What could cause high protein levels?
Elevated protein levels can result from dehydration, multiple myeloma (a blood cancer), or severe infections. Rarely, certain medications or lab errors may also affect results.
How often is this test done?
This test is often ordered as part of a routine blood panel or to investigate symptoms like fatigue, swelling, or unexplained weight changes. Your doctor may repeat it if you have ongoing health concerns.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy