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Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) or Neutrophil Differential Count

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of neutrophils in your blood, a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections.

Quick summary

["Neutrophils are key to your immune response against bacteria and some viruses."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
26521-5
Short code
Granulocytes NFr Smn
Synonyms
Granulocytes NFr Smn
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why It’s Done

Doctors may order this test to check for infections, inflammation, or blood disorders. It can also help diagnose conditions like leukemia, autoimmune diseases, or reactions to certain medications. Low or high neutrophil counts may signal underlying health concerns that need attention.

What to Expect

A simple blood draw is used to collect a sample. The test involves analyzing a small amount of your blood under a microscope or through automated testing to count neutrophils. Results are typically ready within a few hours or the next day.

Normal vs. Abnormal Results

While specific reference ranges can vary by lab, a normal neutrophil count typically falls within a certain range. Abnormal counts may indicate infections, immune system issues, or other health problems. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your overall health and symptoms.

Common Conditions

Low neutrophil counts (neutropenia) can make you more susceptible to infections, especially from bacteria. High neutrophil counts (neutrophilia) may signal infections, inflammation, or other conditions like stress or certain cancers. Chronic or severe changes often warrant further medical evaluation.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Neutrophil count

Frequently asked questions

What does a neutrophil count tell me about my health?
A neutrophil count helps assess your immune system’s ability to fight infections. Low counts may indicate conditions like chemotherapy side effects, autoimmune diseases, or genetic disorders. High counts often point to infections, inflammation, or stress responses. Always discuss results with your healthcare provider.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your medical history, symptoms, and treatment plan. Regular monitoring may be necessary if you have ongoing health conditions like chronic infections or blood disorders.
Can lifestyle changes affect neutrophil counts?
Yes, lifestyle factors like diet, stress, and sleep can influence white blood cell counts. Avoiding smoking, managing stress, and maintaining a balanced diet may support overall immune function, though this test specifically focuses on neutrophils.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy