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Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) or Neutrophil Differential

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections.

Quick summary

["Neutrophils protect your body from bacterial infections and inflammation."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
53521-1
Short code
Granulocytes # Smn
Synonyms
Granulocytes # Smn
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Neutrophils Do in Your Body

Neutrophils are a key part of your immune system. They detect and destroy bacteria, preventing infections. When your body needs extra protection—such as after an injury or illness—they increase in number to help fight off harmful germs.

Why Your Doctor Might Order This Test

Doctors may check neutrophil counts to diagnose or monitor conditions like infections, autoimmune diseases, or blood disorders. Low counts can signal conditions like leukemia or severe infections, while very high counts might indicate inflammation or other health issues.

When to Expect Results

Results are typically available within 1 to 3 business days, depending on your lab. Your healthcare provider will discuss the results with you during your follow-up visit.

Common Reasons for Testing

Tests for neutrophil counts are often done when you have symptoms like fever, persistent fatigue, easy bruising, or frequent infections. They may also be part of routine blood work for monitoring chronic conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Neutrophils play a critical role in identifying and combating bacterial infections. Abnormally low counts may indicate immune suppression, while abnormally high counts can suggest inflammation or other systemic conditions. Your doctor will use these results alongside other symptoms and tests to guide treatment decisions.

Short name

Neutrophil Count

Frequently asked questions

How do I prepare for this test?
No special preparation is needed. You may have a blood draw, urine sample, or other specimen collected, depending on the test type. Follow your doctor’s instructions for fasting or other restrictions if applicable.
What do my results mean?
Results are interpreted by your healthcare provider based on your overall health and symptoms. Very low counts may require further testing or treatment, while very high counts could prompt additional evaluation for underlying causes.
Can I get this test at home?
Some tests for neutrophil counts can be done at home using over-the-counter kits, but these are not as precise as lab tests. Always consult your doctor before using home testing.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy