Serum/plasma concentration of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) measured by enzymatic method

What Is Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)?

GGT is an enzyme found primarily in the liver, bile ducts, and other organs. It plays a role in breaking down amino acids and is released into the bloodstream when liver cells are damaged or stressed. Elevated levels may suggest liver problems, though they can also be influenced by other factors like alcohol use or certain medications.

Why Might Your Doctor Order This Test?

Your doctor may request a GGT test to evaluate liver health, especially if you have symptoms like jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), fatigue, abdominal pain, or if you have risk factors for liver disease (e.g., heavy alcohol use, hepatitis, or obesity). It can also be used alongside other tests to monitor liver function or diagnose conditions like cirrhosis or bile duct blockages.

Common Causes of Elevated GGT Levels

High GGT levels can result from liver-related issues such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or alcohol abuse. Other possible causes include bile duct obstructions, certain medications (like antibiotics or antifungals), or conditions affecting other organs (e.g., heart disease or pancreatitis). It’s important to note that GGT alone isn’t diagnostic—your doctor will consider other test results and symptoms.

What to Expect During the Test

This test involves drawing blood from a vein in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it usually takes only a few minutes. No special preparation is needed, though you might be asked to avoid alcohol for 24 hours before testing if directed by your doctor.