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Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the percentage of hemoglobin in your blood that is attached to sugar (glycated hemoglobin), reflecting your average blood sugar levels over the past 2–3 months.

Quick summary

["HbA1c helps track long-term blood sugar control, useful for diabetes management."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
69920-7
Short code
HAdV IgA Ser Ql IA
Synonyms
HAdV IgA Ser Ql IA
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ia
CPT
82784
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Is HbA1c Used For?

HbA1c is primarily used to diagnose diabetes (including prediabetes) and monitor how well your blood sugar is controlled over time. It’s a key tool for doctors to adjust treatment plans, especially in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

How Is HbA1c Different from Daily Blood Sugar Checks?

Unlike fingerstick blood sugar tests (e.g., fasting glucose or random glucose), HbA1c gives a broader picture of your average blood sugar levels without daily fluctuations. It’s less affected by short-term stress or activity changes.

How Is the HbA1c Test Performed?

A small blood sample is taken from your arm, usually during a routine visit. The sample is analyzed using HPLC to measure the percentage of glycated hemoglobin. Results are reported as a percentage (e.g., 5.7%–6.4% may indicate prediabetes or poor control).

What Do HbA1c Results Mean?

Results are interpreted based on clinical guidelines (e.g., <5.7% may indicate normal blood sugar, 5.7%–6.4% suggests prediabetes, and ≥6.5% often confirms diabetes). Individual goals may vary based on health status and treatment.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: HbA1c in Diabetes Management

Short name

HbA1c

Frequently asked questions

Why is HbA1c important for people with diabetes?
HbA1c is critical because it provides a long-term snapshot of blood sugar control, reducing the risk of diabetes complications like nerve damage, kidney disease, or heart disease. It helps doctors assess whether lifestyle or medication changes are working.
Can HbA1c be affected by other health conditions?
Yes, conditions like anemia, kidney disease, or certain medications (e.g., blood thinners) can influence HbA1c results. Always discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.
How often should I get an HbA1c test?
For people with diabetes, HbA1c testing is typically recommended every 3–6 months. Your doctor may adjust frequency based on your treatment plan or blood sugar trends.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy