Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in whole blood, measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to evaluate whether you have anemia (low red blood cells or hemoglobin) or other blood-related issues. It can also help monitor conditions like chronic kidney disease, heart problems, or during pregnancy.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll have a small needle inserted into your arm or hand to draw a blood sample. The process takes a few minutes, and you may feel a brief pinch. If you’re nervous, let your provider know—some people use numbing cream or choose a different vein.

What the Results Mean

Hemoglobin levels vary based on age, sex, and overall health. While specific ranges aren’t provided here, lower levels may indicate anemia, while very high levels could suggest conditions like polycythemia (too many red blood cells). Your provider will interpret results in the context of your health history.

Common Conditions This Test Helps Diagnose

This test is critical for diagnosing anemia (including iron deficiency, sickle cell disease, or vitamin deficiencies), detecting blood loss (e.g., from heavy periods or injuries), or checking for conditions like chronic kidney disease or heart failure. It can also help assess oxygen levels in tissues.