Hemoglobin Variants by Surface Antibody Screening (Donor-Specific)
This test detects specific antibodies that may bind to certain variants of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells. It helps identify potential risks for transfusion reactions or compatibility issues in blood donation.
["This screening helps ensure safe blood donation by checking for unusual hemoglobin types that could cause adverse reactions in recipients."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 22323-0
- Short code
- HBV surface Ab Ser Donr-aCnc
- Synonyms
- HBV surface Ab Ser Donr-aCnc
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 0
- Ref high
- 5
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- CPT
- 82378
- SNOMED
- 394995008
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
Why This Test Is Done
Your healthcare provider may order this test if you are a blood donor or if you have a history of unusual hemoglobin types. It helps verify that donated blood is compatible with the recipient’s blood type, reducing the risk of transfusion-related complications.
What to Expect During the Test
A small blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is processed to detect antibodies against specific hemoglobin variants. The results are used to assess donor eligibility or compatibility.
Sample Collection and Processing
The blood sample is separated into serum or plasma, where antibodies are measured using a specialized immunoassay method. This test focuses on detecting surface antibodies rather than measuring hemoglobin levels directly.
What the Results Mean
Positive results indicate the presence of antibodies against certain hemoglobin variants, which may affect blood donation eligibility or require further evaluation. Negative results suggest no significant antibodies were detected.
Reference range
Non-smokers: <2.5 ng/mL; Smokers: <5.0 ng/mLN/A
No special preparation required. For PSA, avoid sexual activity for 24-48 hours before the test.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Clinical Significance: This test is critical for blood banks to prevent transfusion-related hemolytic reactions, particularly in individuals with rare hemoglobin variants. It ensures that donated blood is safe for recipients who may have sensitivities to specific hemoglobin structures.
Short name
Hemoglobin Variant Screening (Serum/Plasma)
Frequently asked questions
What does a positive result mean for me as a donor?
How often should I get this test if I’m a regular donor?
Can this test detect all hemoglobin variants?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy