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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Genotype Test (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test identifies the specific genetic variations (genotypes) of the HIV virus in your blood. It helps healthcare providers determine the most effective antiviral treatment for you.

Quick summary

["Understanding your HIV genotype can guide treatment choices to improve outcomes."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
61156-6
Short code
HBV V173L Islt Ql Genotyp
Synonyms
HBV V173L Islt Ql Genotyp
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
genotyping
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have HIV and are starting or changing antiviral medications. Genotyping helps ensure the chosen treatment will work against your virus strain.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is taken, and the virus’s genetic material is extracted. Advanced laboratory techniques analyze the DNA/RNA to detect specific mutations that define your virus’s genotype.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. A healthcare provider will draw blood, usually from your arm, similar to other blood tests. You may feel slight discomfort, but it’s brief.

What the Results Mean

Results show the exact genetic sequence of your HIV virus. This information helps your doctor select medications that target your specific virus strain, improving treatment effectiveness.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Genotyping

Frequently asked questions

When will I get my results?
Results are typically available within 1–2 weeks, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will discuss them with you during a follow-up visit.
What does a genotype test tell me about my HIV?
It reveals the exact genetic makeup of your HIV virus, including any mutations that may make it resistant to certain antiviral drugs. This helps your doctor choose the most effective treatment plan for you.
Do I need this test if I already have an HIV diagnosis?
Yes, even if you’ve been diagnosed with HIV, genotyping is recommended when starting new treatments or if your virus shows signs of resistance to previous medications.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy