Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) – Quantitative Test

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order an hCG test to check for pregnancy, especially if you have missed periods, unusual vaginal bleeding, or symptoms like nausea or breast tenderness. It can also be used to monitor early pregnancy or evaluate conditions like miscarriage, molar pregnancy, or certain cancers (e.g., ovarian or testicular).

How Is the Sample Collected?

A blood sample is typically taken from a vein in your arm. You may feel a small pinch when the needle is inserted, but the procedure is usually quick and well-tolerated. If you’re pregnant, you may be asked to provide a urine sample instead, though blood tests are more common for early pregnancy monitoring.

What Does the Test Result Mean?

Results vary widely depending on how far along you are in pregnancy. Very early in pregnancy, hCG levels rise slowly and may be very low. If you’re not pregnant, levels will be zero. Your provider will interpret results in the context of your symptoms, medical history, and other tests.

What Are Common Causes of Abnormal Results?

Low or absent hCG levels in early pregnancy may indicate a missed period, ectopic pregnancy, or early miscarriage. Very high levels can suggest a molar pregnancy or other rare conditions. Always discuss results with your healthcare provider.