Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) in Serum or Plasma

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order an hCG test to confirm pregnancy, especially if you have missed menstrual periods. It can also be used to monitor the progression of a pregnancy or check for complications like miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. Sometimes, it’s part of screening for conditions like gestational trophoblastic disease or certain cancers.

What Does the Test Involve?

A blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab where it’s analyzed to measure the hCG hormone levels. The test can sometimes be done as early as 7–10 days after a missed period, depending on the sensitivity of the test.

What Are Common Results and Next Steps?

If hCG levels are very low or undetectable, it may suggest an early pregnancy that hasn’t developed properly or that you’re not pregnant. Elevated levels beyond expected ranges could indicate multiple pregnancies or other conditions. Your doctor will discuss results and recommend follow-up actions, such as additional tests or monitoring.

What Are Possible Causes of Abnormal Results?

Low hCG levels might be due to a failed pregnancy, early miscarriage, or conditions like ovarian cysts. Very high levels can occur in multiple pregnancies, molar pregnancies, or certain cancers. Always consult your healthcare provider for interpretation.