Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) concentration in serum/plasma

What Does Bicarbonate Measure?

Bicarbonate is a critical buffer in your blood, helping to maintain a stable pH (acidity level). It works alongside carbon dioxide and oxygen to keep your blood chemistry in balance. Abnormal levels can indicate conditions like metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, which may affect how your body processes nutrients or responds to stress.

Why Is This Test Done?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like confusion, rapid breathing, fatigue, or muscle cramps. It’s also used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as kidney disease, diabetes, or heart problems. Sometimes, it’s checked alongside other blood tests to assess overall health or response to treatments.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small blood sample is taken from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab where it’s analyzed to measure bicarbonate levels. No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to fast or avoid certain medications before the test, depending on your doctor’s instructions.

What Are Possible Results?

Results are typically reported as a numerical value (e.g., mmol/L) but aren’t always provided with a specific range. Your doctor will compare your result to your body’s normal balance and consider your symptoms and medical history to interpret it.