Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) concentration in serum/plasma

What Is Bicarbonate?

Bicarbonate is a critical buffer in your blood, working alongside carbon dioxide and oxygen to maintain a stable pH level. It helps prevent extreme acidity or alkalinity that could harm your body’s systems, including your lungs and kidneys. Your body produces bicarbonate naturally, and it plays a role in how you breathe and how waste products are removed from your bloodstream.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Doctors may order a bicarbonate test to check for conditions affecting acid-base balance, such as metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. It can also help diagnose or monitor diseases like kidney problems, diabetes, or respiratory disorders.

How Is the Test Done?

A small blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab where it is analyzed to determine the bicarbonate concentration. No special preparation is usually needed, but you may be asked to avoid certain medications or foods before the test.

What Are Possible Results?

Results are typically reported in millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Low bicarbonate levels may indicate metabolic acidosis, while high levels could suggest metabolic alkalosis or other conditions. Your doctor will interpret the results in the context of your overall health and symptoms.