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Hemoglobin Variants by Electrophoresis (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test measures different forms of hemoglobin in your blood, which can help identify certain blood disorders or genetic conditions.

Quick summary

["Helps diagnose conditions like sickle cell disease or other hemoglobinopathies."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
48703-3
Short code
Hct VFr Bld Est
Synonyms
Hct VFr Bld Est
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
36
Ref high
50
Critical range
18 N/A – 60 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
estimated
CPT
85014
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Is This Test Measuring?

Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Normally, it exists in several forms, but certain genetic conditions cause unusual hemoglobin variants. This test uses electrophoresis to separate and identify these variants in your serum sample.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, pain, or frequent infections, or if you have a family history of blood disorders. It’s also used in newborn screening for hemoglobin-related conditions.

How Is the Sample Collected?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum portion (liquid part after clotting) is then analyzed in the lab.

What Are Common Findings?

Normal results show typical hemoglobin forms. Abnormal results may reveal unusual bands (e.g., sickle hemoglobin, HbS) linked to conditions like sickle cell trait or disease.

Reference range

Adult males: 38-50%; Females: 36-44%N/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test is critical for diagnosing hemoglobinopathies, which can cause anemia, severe pain, or organ damage. Early detection allows for better management and treatment planning.

Short name

Hb Variants (Serum Electrophoresis)

Frequently asked questions

Could this test detect a genetic condition I inherited?
Yes, this test can identify certain hemoglobin variants linked to inherited conditions like sickle cell disease or thalassemia. If results are abnormal, further genetic testing may be needed.
How soon will I get results?
Results typically take 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing. Your doctor will discuss them with you.
What if my results are abnormal?
If variants are found, your doctor may recommend follow-up testing, lifestyle changes, or referrals to a specialist for further evaluation.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy