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Hemoglobin disorder screening by electrophoresis (qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test helps identify abnormal hemoglobin types that may cause conditions like sickle cell disease or other inherited blood disorders by separating hemoglobin variants using gel electrophoresis.

Quick summary

["This test helps detect inherited blood disorders that affect how your red blood cells function."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
46740-7
Short code
Hemoglobin disorders DBS-Imp
Synonyms
Hemoglobin disorders DBS-Imp
Category
hematology
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates hemoglobin molecules based on their electrical charge. Different hemoglobin types move at different speeds through the gel, creating distinct bands. Abnormal bands may indicate conditions like sickle cell trait or disease.

Why It’s Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, pain, or a family history of hemoglobin disorders. It’s also used as part of newborn screening in some regions.

Sample Collection

A small blood sample is taken from your arm using a needle. The blood is then processed to separate hemoglobin for analysis.

What to Expect

You may feel slight discomfort from the needle, but it usually goes quickly. No special preparation is needed unless instructed otherwise.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Stay well hydrated.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

None

Frequently asked questions

What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means your blood contains hemoglobin variants that may not function normally. This could indicate a condition like sickle cell trait or disease, and your doctor will discuss next steps with you.
How often should I get this test?
The frequency depends on your symptoms, medical history, and doctor’s recommendations. Some people with a family history of hemoglobin disorders may need regular monitoring.
Can diet or supplements affect this test?
Diet or supplements typically do not interfere with this test, but avoid taking certain medications (like blood thinners) before the test if instructed by your provider.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy