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Serum or plasma total bilirubin concentration (qualitative or quantitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of bilirubin, a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. High levels may indicate liver disease, bile duct blockage, or other conditions.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps diagnose liver and gallbladder issues by checking how well your body processes bilirubin from red blood cells."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
81281-8
Short code
Hep dose resp Pnl Bld
Synonyms
Hep dose resp Pnl Bld
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why It’s Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), dark urine, pale stools, or unexplained fatigue. It’s also used to monitor liver function, especially in conditions like hepatitis or cirrhosis.

What to Expect

A small blood sample is taken from your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it’s usually over quickly. No special preparation is needed unless instructed otherwise.

Common Causes of Abnormal Results

High bilirubin levels can result from liver problems (e.g., hepatitis), blocked bile ducts, hemolytic anemia (rapid red blood cell breakdown), or certain medications. Low levels are less common but may occur with liver disease or certain genetic conditions.

How Results Are Interpreted

Results are compared to standard ranges, but exact values depend on the test method. Your doctor will discuss findings in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Elevated bilirubin is often a red flag for liver or bile duct problems. It can help identify conditions like jaundice, cholestasis (bile buildup), or hemolytic disorders. Low levels may suggest liver dysfunction or certain metabolic issues, though this is less common.

Short name

Bilirubin Level

Frequently asked questions

Will this test hurt?
A minor pinch is expected when blood is drawn, but it’s temporary and rarely bothersome. If you’re nervous, ask your healthcare provider about numbing cream or other options.
How soon will I get my results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will contact you to discuss findings.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special diet is required, but avoid alcohol or heavy meals 12 hours before testing to ensure accurate results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy